新型配电网三相有功-无功功率多时间尺度滚动协同电压优化控制

何明君 , 文贤馗 , 周科 , 李晓江

南方电网技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (11) : 50 -60.

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南方电网技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (11) : 50 -60. DOI: 10.13648/j.cnki.issn1674-0629.2025.11.005

新型配电网三相有功-无功功率多时间尺度滚动协同电压优化控制

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Three-Phase Active-Reactive Power Multi-Time Scale Rolling Collaborative Voltage Optimization Control of New Distribution Networks

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摘要

针对极高比例分布式光伏规模化接入配电网引起严重反向潮流过载及电压越限问题,考虑配电系统网络复杂阻抗下有功和无功功率与电压强耦合特性,提出了有功-无功功率协同电压支撑的优化控制方法,实现了分布式新能源及储能兼顾低运行成本与高电能质量的多目标协同优化运行。首先提出了基于有功-无功功率耦合的三相潮流电压模型预测控制滚动优化方法,并通过多周期化电压模型预测控制架构,有效减少决策变量及约束数量,在保证求解精度的同时提升求解效率,实现了在线电压控制问题的快速求解。进一步,针对强耦合的三相潮流模型,提出了基于不动点迭代的预迭代方法,并将多步迭代分布在滚动优化过程中实现不增加单时刻模型的迭代次数下大幅提升了模型求解精度。最后通过接入极高比例光伏的IEEE 13节点系统验证了所提控制系统在抑制电压越限的有效性。

Abstract

Ultra-high-penetration distributed photovoltaics (PV) in distribution networks pose significant challenges, including severe reverse power flow overloads and voltage violations. Addressing the strong coupling characteristics between active-reactive power (P/Q) and voltage under complex network impedances of distribution networks, a active-reactive power coordinated voltage support optimization method is proposed. This method achieves multi-objective collaborative optimization operation of distributed renewable energy and energy storage, balancing low operational costs with high power quality. Firstly, a rolling optimization method for three-phase power flow voltage model predictive control (MPC) based on active-reactive power coupling is proposed. Via a multi-period voltage MPC framework, the number of decision variables and constraints is effectively reduced, which improves solution efficiency while ensuring solution accuracy and achieves fast solution of the online voltage control problem. Furthermore, a pre-iterative method based on fixed-point iteration is proposed for the strongly coupled three-phase power flow model. By distributing multi-step iterations across the rolling optimization horizon, the solution accuracy is significantly improved without increasing the number of per-step iteration. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control system in suppressing voltage exceeding limits is verified by integrating an IEEE 13-node system with ultra-high-penetration PV.

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关键词

新型配电网 / 电压控制 / 滚动优化 / 有功功率-无功功率协同 / 高比例光伏

Key words

new distribution networks / voltage control / rolling optimization / active-reactive power coordination / high proportion of photovoltaics

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何明君,文贤馗,周科,李晓江. 新型配电网三相有功-无功功率多时间尺度滚动协同电压优化控制[J]. 南方电网技术, 2025, 19(11): 50-60 DOI:10.13648/j.cnki.issn1674-0629.2025.11.005

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基金资助

国家重点研发计划资助项目(2024YFE0208100)

中国南方电网有限责任公司科技项目(GZKJXM20222258)

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