为降低多微电网运行成本，解决共享储能优化配置及成本公平分摊问题，提出了主电网分时电价下多微电网共享储能的双层优化配置及改进Shapley值法的共享储能公平分配方法。首先，提出了多微电网共享储能双层优化配置模型，上层以共享储能等年投资配置成本最小为目标，下层以含共享储能的多微电网运行成本最小为目标，求解出共享储能充放电策略和优化配置容量及多微电网运行成本。其次，基于多微电网体系运行成本最小化所得的涌现收益，构建了贡献度评估模型。最后，基于贡献度的改进Shapley值法分摊共享储能配置所产生的节省成本。通过算例仿真验证了该方法可为多微电网公平合作提供理论支撑，有效解决了大电网和微电网互动时成本和效益难以公平分摊的问题，在多微电网公平协作方面具有实用价值。

To reduce the operational costs of multi-microgrids and address the issues of optimal configuration and fair cost allocation of shared energy storage, a dual-layer optimization configuration for shared energy storage under time-of-use pricing of the main grid and an improved Shapley value method for fair allocation of shared energy storage are proposed. Firstly, a dual-layer optimization configuration model for shared energy storage in multi-microgrids is established. The upper layer aims to minimize the annual investment and configuration costs of shared energy storage, while the lower layer aims to minimize the operational costs of multi-microgrids incorporating shared energy storage. This model determines the charging/discharging strategy of shared energy storage, the optimized configuration capacity, and the operational costs of multi-microgrids. Secondly, based on the emergent benefits derived from minimizing the operational costs of the multi-microgrids system, a contribution evaluation model is constructed. Finally, an improved Shapley value method based on contribution is applied to allocate the cost savings generated by the shared energy storage configuration. Case simulations demonstrate that this method provides theoretical support for fair cooperation among multi-microgrids, effectively resolves the challenge of equitable cost and benefit allocation during interactions between the main grid and microgrids, and holds practical value for fair collaboration among multi-microgrids.