In order to improve the control performance and drive capacity of brushless DC motor, diode clamped three-level inverter instructures are often adopted, but there are such problems as bridge arm inner power switch device switching overvoltage and neutral point potential imbalance. In this paper, a novel topology instructure driven by three-level inverter is proposed and studied. Firstly, the six power switching devices clamping mechanism of this topology inside the clamped three-phase bridge arm is analyzed, and the four switching state automatic voltage equalization principles are studied, the influence characteristics of 64 voltage space vectors on the neutral point potential are also analyzed. Secondly, the clamped capacitor voltage balance control strategy is proposed, and then the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) strategy is given,and the double closed-loop pulse width modulation (PWM) control strategy of brushless DC motor based on a novel three-level inverter instucture is presented. Finally, an experiment is carried out based on the prototype platform, and the results confirm the correctness and effectiveness of the research content.