Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", with the increasingly severe business situation of power grid companies, how to make scientific and reasonable decision-making on power grid investment and improve the accuracy of project arrangements are critical to the sustainable development of enterprises. According to the characteristics of power grid infrastructure reserve projects, this paper studies the contribution of power grid infrastructure reserve projects to the development of power grid from the aspects of economy, safety and coordination, and establishes a scientific and reasonable reserve project evaluation index system. Then, a calculation method for the comprehensive contribution of the reserve project to the overall power grid is proposed by analyzing the improvement of each indicator on the performance evaluation index of the entire power grid. A dynamic optimization ranking model for grid reserve projects is constructed based on the comprehensive contribution of unit investment and the impact of power grid construction timing. Finally, based on a 10 kV distribution network in a certain area, the 10 kV-level reserve projects in a certain area will be evaluated and optimized in 2020, and the scientific and rationality of the proposed power grid reserve project evaluation and prioritization method will be verified in this paper.