A full understanding of lightning activitiy characteristics in different regions is a premise of effective transmission line construction and differentiated lightning protection transformation. Based on the land cover type and lightning data of Yunnan Province in the past 10 years, both statistical method and Apriori algorithm are used to analyze the relationship between the land cover types and the positive flash ratio, ground flash density, ground flash intensity, and the cumulative probability distribution of lightning current amplitude. The results show that the type of land cover is closely related to lightning activity. For the bare rock area and grassland with medium coverage, the ground flash intensity is large. Due to the urban heat island effect, the density of positive and negative ground flash in urban areas is higher than that in other areas. The proportion of positive lightning flashes in woodland is relatively high, so it is necessary to pay attention to the protection of the transmission lines in forest areas against positive lightning.