With the widespread application of gas spark switches, choosing gas spark switches with stable operation and long service life has become an important guarantee for the stable operation of pulse power systems.At present, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a large amount of research on gas switches, but most of them are based on the impact of discharge conditions on the ablation of gas spark switches.Therefore, starting from practical engineering needs, this paper comprehensively studies the distribution of self breakdown voltage, time delay jitter, and dispersion of gas spark switches under different working environments, as well as the phenomenon and mechanism of electrode ablation, as well as the change laws in macro/micro roughness.The results show that under the same gas pressure conditions, the dispersion of the breakdown voltage of the switch does not change significantly with the increase of electrode gap.As the working coefficient increases to 90%, the average value of the switch discharge delay remains basically unchanged, but shows fluctuations of several nanoseconds. When the gap distance is 10 mm and the working coefficient is below 60%, the initial value of jitter and its reduction rate are much higher than other gaps.As the electrode spacing increases, the impact on the ablation of the electrode surface is relatively small, and the ablation degree of long gaps at low gas pressure is more significant than that of short gaps at high gas pressure.