Stackelberg Game Pricing Strategy and EV Charging Management for Distribution Network Operator Based on Scenario Generation Method

Jizhong ZHU , Zihao HE , Jieyun ZHENG , Hanjiang DONG

›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (6) : 72 -84.

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›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (6) : 72 -84. DOI: 10.13648/j.cnki.issn1674-0629.2025.06.007
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Stackelberg Game Pricing Strategy and EV Charging Management for Distribution Network Operator Based on Scenario Generation Method

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Abstract

Facing the flexible and adjustable resources inside the intelligent distribution area of distribution network, a Stackelberg game pricing strategy and electric vehicle ( EV) charging management strategy for distribution network operator based on scenario generation method is proposed to guide the user-side flexible resources to realize efficient interaction with the distribution network through market-oriented means. Firstly, based on conditional density networks (CDNs), Gibbs sampling method is used to predict EV load, which takes into account the joint probability distribution of EV users′ charging characteristics, and EV aggregation model is constructed to reduce the model dimension. The distribution locational marginal pricing (DLMP) based on the second-order conical optimal power flow model of distribution network is obtained, and on this basis, the Stackelberg game pricing strategy and user-side incentive mechanism of distribution network operator are constructed. The bi-level Stackelberg game model is transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming problem using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions and optimal duality theory for solution, and finally the global optimal pricing strategy is obtained, and the power allocation module is used to realize the reasonable distribution of charging power for EV users. Simulation results based on improved IEEE 33-node power distribution system verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

Keywords

distribution network operator / Karush-Kuhn-Tucker condition / charging management / Stackelberg game / scenario generation / intelligent distribution area

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Jizhong ZHU,Zihao HE,Jieyun ZHENG,Hanjiang DONG. Stackelberg Game Pricing Strategy and EV Charging Management for Distribution Network Operator Based on Scenario Generation Method. 2025, 19(6): 72-84 DOI:10.13648/j.cnki.issn1674-0629.2025.06.007

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Funding

the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52177087)

State Grid Fujian Economic Research Institute's 2025 Science and Technology Project(SGFJJY00NYJS2500035)

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