Coastal cities in China frequently suffer from super typhoon invasions, leading to frequent distribution network failures and significant economic losses due to power outages. To enhance the disaster resilience and power supply reliability of the distribution network, an optimization strategy is proposed based on typhoon forecast data, simulating strong winds and heavy rainfall disasters caused by typhoons, and using Monte Carlo sampling to simulate faults in lines and load nodes. The strategy optimizes the allocation of distributed power sources and limited main grid power resources, prioritizes the power supply to critical loads, and formulates an optimal load shedding scheme to achieve flexible adjustment of resources and load optimization during disasters. Post-disaster, the strategy utilizes distribution network reconfiguration and emergency power vehicle dispatch to reduce economic losses due to power shortages and enhance the utilization rate of renewable energy, optimizing line switch states and the access locations of emergency power vehicles. Simulation analysis is conducted on the IEEE 33 distribution system indicate that this strategy effectively reduces power outage losses during typhoons and expands the power restoration area post-disaster, enhancing restoration performance and emergency response capabilities. The proposed strategy provides an innovative solution for optimal load shedding during typhoon disasters and post-disaster power supply assurance, effectively enhancing the disaster resilience and power supply reliability of urban distribution networks facing extreme disasters.