Addressing the issue of a great amount of wind curtailment in China, a comprehensive economic dispatch method with multiple energy sources that minimizes wind curtailment is proposed through the analysis of the use of wind power in three cases in this paper. The economic dispatch model contains energy storage and wind power generation, and it is implemented by two stages. In the initial stage, the output of wind power generations are fixed (such as 80% capacity) and the energy storage are charged. In the optimization stage, the wind power generations are variable and adjustable with 3 cases: 1) without use of energy storage, and wind curtailment within permited range; 2) with use of energy storage, and wind curtailment within permited range; 3) with use of energy storage and minimizing the wind curtailment. Several economic dispatch models are set up to handle the different cases mentioned above. The interior point method with some modification is employed to solve the above mentioned cases. Through analysis, the method of the third case is recommended as best one. The proposed models and method are tested on IEEE 30-bus system in which the wind farm and energy storage device are added. The optimal comprehensive economic dispatch results are demonstrated.

At present, robust dispatch is widely used to solve the economic dispatch problem of power system with wind power. Robust dispatch can ensure that constraint conditions are satisfied for all possible values of the wind power output, but it is too conservative and greatly reduces the optimality of objective function. Based on the traditional robust dispatch model of power system, this paper firstly analyzes the influence of wind uncertainty on power system dispatch. Then, taking coal consumption cost, risk cost and power flow violation as optimal targets, a multi-objective optimization model with power dispatch conservativeness (the confidence level of wind power output) as decision variable is proposed. Finally, the model is solved by a two-layer optimization algorithm. In the case study, the proposed method, the traditional spinning reserve method and the traditional robust dispatch method are compared. It is found that the conflict between economy and robustness of robust dispatch can be coordinated by optimizing the conservativeness. Though the proposed method takes the longest time, it can obtains the optimal comprehensive satisfactory degree.

By comparing the dispatch scheme and the market design associated with the renewable energy unconditional priority policy (REUP) and the renewable energy market competitive policy (REMC), the influence on power system CO₂ emission of these two policies as different market balancing scheme is analyzed theoretically. The dynamic that REUP prevents the market mechanism from correctly responding to wind power’s uncertainty is explained. The explanations clarify the conditions causing the over curtailment and under curtaillment for the wind power. It is further demonstrated that the REUP weakens the capbility of a carbon tax to reudce the system CO₂ emission by distorting the price signal and incentives of the carbon tax.

As one of the most encouraging renewable energy sources, wind energy has been seriously regarded around the world. Aiming at the change brought by the wide use of wind power to the current power market operation avenue designed for the conventional energy structure,this article gives a brief retrospective introduction of the general power market design principles and the structure of North America power market. The discussion focuses on the solutions taken by the North America market following the extensive usage of wind power. On this basis, the paper analyzes the effects of the wide use of renewable energies on the long-term development of the power market. It will be some of help in the process of establishing and improving the power market in China.

With the vigorously development of microgrid, the benefit of power grid company will be affected when cooperating with microgrid. Choosing the microgrid with distributed photovoltaic generation and energy storage as the research object, taking the maximum annual income of the power grid company and the minimum annual cost of the investment management of the microgrid as target, the planning of microgrid is accomplished under different cooperative development modes of power grid company and microgrid and the revenue of power grid company under the optimal planning scheme is compared. The least square method is used to simplify the double objective function and the genetic algorithm is used to solve it. Finally, taking the microgrid adapted from an actual power grid in east China as an example, the simulation calculation is carried out, and the harmonious development mode of power grid company and microgrid development is obtained. Thus the availability of distributed photovoltaic generation and energy storage in the same location for investment management of microgrid and power grid company earnings is verified.

A two-level interactive scheduling scheme is proposed to solve the demand response of the distribution network with microgrid groups. In this paper, a microgrid dispatch model and a multi-microgrid bidding model based on game theory are established. Firstly, Taking the lowest cost of each microgrid as objective, a demand response model based on time-of-use pricing mechanism and interruptible loads is employed, then the output of controlable units in microgrid is optimized. The results obtained will be used in the next game bidding process. The bidding strategy of each microgrid is determined by its offordable power output and operating cost, considering balanced index about the profits of each microgrid, then optimal bidding strategy is obtained. The validity of the proposed method and models is verified by simulation results based on IEEE9 system.

In order to improve the efficiency of electric vehicles (EV) participating in logistics distribution and to avoid the impact of massive disordered charge on safe operation of the distribution system, this paper presents a charging service fee model based on real-time traffic information sensing by crowd sensing technology to achieve the messages about real time traffic status and charging station information, and proposes a waiting time estimation model in the charging station based on queue theory. Considering the constraints of route selection, time, battery capacity, cargo capacity and operating voltage in distribution system, this paper constructs a model of EV path optimization and charging navigation which minimizes the sum of logistics travel time cost, waiting time cost, battery depreciation cost and fast charging cost. A comprehensive numerical simulation is conducted on the 33-node logistics distribution system in a city center within 50×50 km zone. The results show that considering the real-time information sensing can reduce the logistics distribution cost effectively and alleviate the harmful effect on distribution system operation stability.

According to the reform background of electricity market as well as the increasing flexible resources, an idea and market framework of generation-demand cooperative ancillary service is proposed in this paper. The flexible resources in the generation-side such as conventional thermal units, large hydropower, and pumped storage are dispatched cooperatively with the load-side flexible resources such as the smart residential loads, electric vehicles, storage, and distributed generators for improving the ancillary service level of power grid. The market trading framework of generation-demand cooperative ancillary service is built. As an example, the economic benefits of electric vehicles participating in frequency regulation service cooperated with the conventional thermal units are analyzed. The results indicate that the proposed idea and market framework can integrate the whole flexible resources for providing the ancillary service of power grid and has a good application prospect.

With the development of a new round reform of the electricity market in China, medium and long term electricity market has been gradually liberalized. Under the state of spot market being gradually started, how to bid in market becomes the key of development for power provider. This paper introduces the electricity market in new round reform, analyzes the currently existing electricity price forecasting method and bidding ways, and researches the day-ahead electricity market bidding strategies. Combining the historical price, environmental and economic factors, this paper proposes an electricity price forecasting method based on the similar day principle and the support vector machine algorithm. In consideration of the cost of thermal power units and bidding risk, this paper puts forward day-ahead market bidding strategies for units, and uses advanced particle swarm optimization algorithm-differential evolution (PSO-DE) hybrid algorithm to optimize bidding results. The results show that the proposed strategy can be applied to the electricity market bidding, which has a certain reference significance for the development of power spot market and power generation enterprises.

Transmission pricing is the key section in electricity market, and one of the important missions in the electricity market reform being carried out in China. The transmission network use of system (TNUoS) charging methodology in Australia is researched profoundly in this paper. The composition of TNUoS tariff is introduced, and the solutions of some key problems including the accounting and resolution of revenue, the ratio of locational part of the revenue, and the determination of the usage of the locational part of network are analyzed, and mainly the origin analyzing method based on electrical distance and the RCNP pricing method are introduced. A 7-bus system is served for analyzing the effectiveness of Australia’s TNUoS and comparing with that of the UK’s. The TNUoS pricing methodology in Australia can provide references for Chinese transmission pricing.

The deregulation of incremental power distribution business and electricity retail business is an important measure of the new round reform of power industry. Meanwhile, the mode of integrating distribution and retail business is the development trend of the construction, operation and development of distribution network. To meet the challenges under the whole new situation, a stochastic optimal decision making model of electricity purchase and sale by electricity distribution and retail companies is constructed with focus on the optimal marketing strategy operated by independent electricity distribution and retail companies, and considering the interruptible loads. The uncertainties of the prices in the spot market, from which the distribution and retail company purchases the electricity, are described in the two-stage expected value model supported by multiple scenarios. Practical issues which the distribution and retail companies may encounter while making operational decisions, including the investment and construction costs of the distribution network, the electricity demands of various consumers, the operational constraints of self-scheduled units and the dispatch of interruptible loads are also seriously considered. Finally, results of a calculation case analysis on the optimal marketing strategy of the electricity distribution and retail company validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed model.

The transmission congestion problem of cross-region interconnected electricity market is studied, and a congestion management mechanism based on demand response is proposed. By integrating demand side resources such as demand elasticity, temperature-controlled loads and interruptible loads, and by setting reasonable price signals such as congestion price and compensation price, the mechanism can lead to flexible adjustment of load demands so that the congestion can be effectively relieved. The time-of-use response model is established according to user demand, as well as the integral optimization model of interruptible load and residential thermostatically-controlled load. Congestion price and compensation price is determined by solving the multi-period optimal power flow equations. Besides, the effect of transmission loss and time difference on degree of congestion of cross-region interconnected power system are also involved in the analysis. Three scenarios are set up to analyze the congestion condition, regional electricity price and congestion surplus, and the effectiveness of the proposed models and mechanism is verified.